Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a condition that affects the discs located between the bones of the spine (vertebrae). These discs act as cushions and help the spine move comfortably. With IVDD, a disc can degenerate, bulge, or rupture, placing pressure on the spinal cord and surrounding nerves. This can cause pain, weakness, mobility issues, and in severe cases, paralysis. IVDD is one of the most common neurological conditions affecting dogs and can range from mild discomfort to a medical emergency. While IVDD can occur in any breed, it is most commonly seen in dogs with long backs and shorter legs. Symptoms vary depending on the location and severity of the disc injury. Common signs include: - Neck or back pain - Reluctance to jump, run, or climb stairs - Stiffness or unusual posture - Shaking, trembling, or vocalising in pain - Weakness in one or more limbs - Dragging of the paws - Difficulty walking - Loss of coordination - Knuckling of the feet - Urinary or faecal incontinence - Partial or complete paralysis If your dog suddenly loses the ability to walk, immediate veterinary attention is essential. Your veterinarian may perform: - Neurological examination - Orthopaedic examination - X-rays - CT scan - MRI imaging - Assessment of reflexes and nerve function Advanced imaging is often required to accurately identify the location and severity of spinal cord compression. Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the degree of neurological impairment. Options may include: - Strict rest and activity restriction - Anti-inflammatory medications - Pain management - Muscle relaxants - Rehabilitation therapy - Hydrotherapy - Surgical decompression in moderate to severe cases Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes and recovery potential. Hydrotherapy is frequently recommended as part of a rehabilitation program for dogs recovering from IVDD or spinal surgery. The buoyancy of water supports the body, reducing the load on the spine while allowing controlled movement in a safe environment. Hydrotherapy may help: - Rebuild muscle strength - Improve walking patterns and coordination - Encourage neurological recovery - Increase confidence and mobility - Improve endurance and fitness - Reduce stiffness and discomfort - Support weight management during recovery For dogs with weakness or paralysis, hydrotherapy can often help facilitate movement that may not yet be possible on land. Recovery timelines vary considerably between dogs. Some may return to normal function within weeks, while others require several months of rehabilitation. Successful recovery often depends on: - Severity of spinal cord injury - Speed of treatment - Surgical outcomes where applicable - Veterinary guidance - Consistency of rehabilitation exercises - The dog's overall health and age Every rehabilitation program should be tailored to the individual dog's needs and stage of recovery. We work closely with your veterinarian and specialist team to provide safe, controlled hydrotherapy sessions for dogs recovering from IVDD. Whether your dog is managing a mild spinal condition, recovering from surgery, or rebuilding strength following paralysis, our goal is to support mobility, function, confidence, and quality of life through evidence-based hydrotherapy programs. Please note: Hydrotherapy is an important rehabilitation tool but should always form part of a comprehensive treatment plan directed by your veterinarian.